Smart Contact Lenses for the New Era of IoT: Integrated Biosensors, Circuits, and Human-Machine Interface Systems

The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology endows some traditional devices with intelligent functions. Compared with traditional contact lenses used for correcting vision or beautifying the eyes, smart contact lenses (SCLs) are developed to monitor some physiological information of the eye. Sculls can be used to continuously monitor eye diseases non-invasively in real-time. As a personal electronic device, SCs can aid people in understanding their physical condition better without affecting their personal life. This review mainly discusses the development direction and problems associated with sculls from the perspective of the IoT. SCs consist of three main parts: biosensors, circuits, and human-machine interface (HMI) systems. These three parts correspond to the sensing, connection, and application layer of the IoT. Finally, the problems that may be encountered in the development of SCLs are discussed and potential solutions are proposed.