Optimization and kinetics of microwave-assisted extraction of sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides from Nizamuddinia zanardinii

The optimization and kinetic modeling of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides (SFPs) from Nizamuddinia zanardinii were investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) using Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to analyze significant factors and optimize their influence on the extraction of SFPs. Three mathematical models including the second-order kinetic model, Fick’s law model, and Peleg’s model have been applied to describe the MAE process. The second-order kinetic model have shown the best fit to the experimental data with R 2 = 0.983. The results of chemical composition, DSC, XRD, and FT-IR analysis confirm that extracted polysaccharides revealed the features of SFPs. The MAE-extracted SFPs exhibited higher antioxidant (DPPH scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity) and emulsifying activities (against different hydrophobic compounds) than the conventional method. Overall, this study provided a green and high-efficiency alternative for recovering polysaccharides from algae biomass.