Effects of functional membrane coverings on carbon and nitrogen evolution during aerobic composting: Insight into the succession of bacterial and fungal communities

•Functional membrane-covered aerobic composting (FMCAC) reduced CH4 and N2O emissions.•FMCAC promoted O2 uptake, thereby enhancing substrate degradation and NH3 production.•FMCAC decreased carbon losses by 7.97%–11.24% and nitrogen losses by 15.43%–34.00%.•Different membranes had different effects on fermentation and gas emissions.•Bacteria and fungi together affected carbon- and nitrogen-containing gas emissions.