Anti-Infective Secondary Metabolites of the Marine Cyanobacterium Lyngbya Morphotype between 1979 and 2022.

Cyanobacteria ascribed to the genus (Family Oscillatoriaceae) represent a potential therapeutic gold mine of chemically and biologically diverse natural products that exhibit a wide array of biological properties. Phylogenetic analyses have established the 'morpho-type' as a highly polyphyletic group and have resulted in taxonomic revision and description of an additional six new cyanobacterial genera in the same family to date. Among the most prolific marine cyanobacterial producers of biologically active compounds are the species (previously then ) (previously ), and . Over the years, compounding evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies in support of the significant pharmaceutical potential of ''-derived natural products has made the morphotype a significant target for biomedical research and novel drug leads development. This comprehensive review covers compounds with reported anti-infective activities through 2022 from the morphotype, including new genera arising from recent phylogenetic re-classification. So far, 72 anti-infective secondary metabolites have been isolated from various , , , and species. These compounds showed significant antibacterial, antiparasitic, antifungal, antiviral and molluscicidal effects. Herein, a comprehensive literature review covering the natural source, chemical structure, and biological/pharmacological properties will be presented.