A Systematic Literature Review on Cybersecurity Threats of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)

In light of the scope, scale, and sensitivity of the information that can be collected by AR and VR devices, new privacy concerns arise. In this paper, we provide a systematic literature review of potential security, safety, and privacy (SSP) threats from virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) environments, which have become extremely popular. We introduce a detailed comparison of current risks that become much more dangerous in the environment of AR and VR, such as the security and privacy challenges of AR platforms. We then discuss expected mitigation techniques for security and privacy threats proposed by previous literature studies, such as creating three AR visual output models that balance OS control with application flexibility. The purpose of this article is to raise awareness of potential security and privacy vulnerabilities caused by seemingly safe VR and AR technologies.