Miniaturized Wireless Potentiostat for Intraoral Sensing of Glucose and Lactate

A wireless dual-channel potentiostat is fabricated in TSMC 40-nm CMOS and integrated in a mouthguard format for continuous salivary biosensing of glucose and lactate. Continuous glucose monitoring is required for closed-loop insulin dosing in Type 1 Diabetes. Continuous lactate sensing could improve closed-loop control, by serving as a biomarker of exercise, to help prevent life threatening hypoglycemia. Saliva is an ideal sensing fluid as it is readily and non-invasively available. Glucose sensing range is < 0.6 mM with sensitivity of 2.4 µM and lactate sensing range is < 2 mM with sensitivity of 1.6 µM. Data from both channels is packetized for simultaneous transmission over the 902–928 MHz ISM band. Nominal power is 100 µW, which would allow for operation on a size-10 hearing aid battery for > 1 month.