Post-synthetic sulfonation of a diphenylanthracene based porous aromatic framework

Post-synthetic modification is an alternative pathway to introduce functionalities into the backbone of porous materials. Sulfonation of porous organic polymers is one of the frequently applied post-functionalization since the sulfonate groups are interesting for various applications such as carbon dioxide storage, proton conduction, ion removal. Moreover, sulfonation drastically improve hydrophilicity of the hydrophobic materials, therefore, makes the final compounds more processable in aqueous media. In this article, a procedure for post-synthetic sulfonation of a diphenylanthracene (DPA) based porous aromatic framework (DPA-PAF) is presented. Oleum (fuming sulfuric acid) was used as the sulfonation agent in acetic acid+water media instead of the conventionally used chlorosulfonic acid in the chlorinated solvents. Aside from macroscopic (visual) observations such as improved dispersibility in water when compared to the parent compound, the introduction of sulfonate groups was confirmed by using infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and gas sorption (surface area) measurements.