Childhood abuse and cortical gray matter volume in patients with major depressive disorder

•75 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 97 healthy controls.•Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) was associated with gray matter volume reduction.•CSA-associated volume reduction in the right middle occipital gyrus (MOG) was observed.•MDD-associated volume reduction in the right anterior cingulate gyrus.•More prominent volume reduction in patients with CSA compared to those without CSA.