Burkholderia vietnamiensis infection in a haematological unit: Case series and review of literature of this new emerging pathogen

Burkholderia vietnamiensis causes opportunistic infection in immunocompromised individuals. It closely resembles other non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria. Accuracy in diagnosis has improved with the use of new mo-dalities. Here, we describe four patients of lymphoblastic disorder on chemotherapy, who presented with fever due to blood stream infection. Multidrug resistant B. vietnaminensis was isolated in blood culture and identified using MALDI-TOF MS. All of them responded to a switch in antibiotic therapy based on sensitivity reports. This is the first case series from North India highlighting the importance of this less known organism as an important pathogen in immunocompromised patients.