Lactobacillus johnsonii alleviates colitis by TLR1/2-STAT3 mediated CD206 + macrophages IL-10 activation.

Imbalance of gut microbiota homeostasis is related to the occurrence of ulcerative colitis (UC), and probiotics are thought to modulate immune microenvironment and repair barrier function. Here, in order to reveal the interaction between UC and gut microbiota, we screened a new probiotic strain by 16S rRNA sequencing from Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice, and explored the mechanism and clinical relevance. (), as a potential anti-inflammatory bacterium was decreased colonization in colitis mice. Gavage could alleviate colitis by specifically increasing the proportion of intestinal macrophages and the secretion of Il-10 with macrophages depleted model and in mice. We identified this subset of immune cells activated as CD206 macrophages. Mechanistically, supplementation enhanced the mobilization of CD206 macrophages through the activation of STAT3 and . In addition, we revealed that TLR1/2 was essential for the activation of STAT3 and the recognition of by macrophages. Clinically, there was positive correlation between the abundance of and the expression level of and in UC tissues. could activate native macrophages into CD206 macrophages and release IL-10 through TLR1/2-STAT3 pathway to relieve experimental colitis. may serve as an immunomodulator and anti-inflammatory therapeutic target for UC.