Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Antimony(III) Halides for Second Harmonic Generation

Recently, low-dimensional hybrid antimony halides have been demonstrated with high performance broadband light emitting behaviors. However, the exploration of nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of these hybrid antimony halides is in its infancy. In particular, the second harmonic generation (SHG) requires a structural noncentrosymmetry, which is challenging but highly desirable for NLO photonic applications. In this work, two pairs of new chiral hybrid antimony halides have been synthesized by combining the organic chiral amine (R/S)-3-aminopiperidine (R/S-3-APD) and the second-order Jahn-Teller cation Sb3+, which crystallize in the noncentrosymmetric P2(1)2(1)2(1) space group in centimeter sizes. NLO characterizations reveal that these hybrid antimony halides exhibit high-efficiency SHG responses with a large laser damage threshold and high birefringence, which provides a guideline for future exploration of new metal halide materials for nonlinear photonic applications.