In loco intellegentia: human factors for the future European train driver

ABSTRACT The European Rail Traffic Management,System (ERTMS) represents a step change in technology for rail operations in Europe. It comprises track-to-train communications and intelligent on-board systems providing an unprecedented,degree of support to the train driver. ERTMS is designed to improve safety, capacity and performance, as well as facilitating interoperability across the European rail network. In many ways, particularly from the human factors perspective, ERTMS hasparallels with automation concepts in the aviation and automotive industries. Lessons learned from both these