Building façade element extraction based on multidimensional virtual semantic feature map ensemble learning and hierarchical clustering.

•Definition of multidimensional semantic features of the building façade.•Multidimensional virtual semantic feature map are constructed based on Multiple View Stereo techniques.•Ensemble-learning are used for multi-semantic feature block pre-segmentation.•Color&Texture, orientation and curvature semantics segmentation.•Different virtual semantic feature map and clustering strategies are combined to accurately extract of diverse building façade elements.