Incidence of posttraumatic epilepsy in animal models of traumatic brain injury

Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a neurological consequence that develops over an unspecified latent period following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Posttraumatic seizures can be categorized by their occurrence after the initial injury into immediate (within 24 h), early (≤ 7 days), or late (> 7 days) seizures, whereas late unprovoked spontaneous seizures are the hallmark of clinical PTE. In Chapter 6, we reviewed the six most widely used mechanical TBI animal models: fluid percussion injury, controlled cortical impact injury, weight drop injury, penetrating ballistic-like brain injury, blast-induced traumatic brain injury, and undercut injury. In this chapter, we will discuss which of these injuries lead to the development of PTE.