Lung Transplantation for Multiple Giant Hamartomas: First Case Report and Review of the Literature

Background To assess lung transplant as a solution for a rare complication of giant lung hamartoma, in which surgical resection was discouraged because of severe underlying chronic lung disease. Methods A 54-year-old woman had an episode of severe acute hemoptysis. Imaging techniques showed 2 masses in the right lung as hamartomas and severe pulmonary emphysema. After resolution of the acute episode of hemoptysis, the case could have been solved with a right pneumonectomy; however, a single-lung transplant was performed because of the underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Results The outcome of the surgery was satisfactory, although a second operation was required because of bleeding. The patient was discharged and currently has a good quality of life, with no recurrence of the disease. The pathologic anatomy of the surgical specimen confirmed the diagnosis of multiple giant hamartomas. Conclusions Lung transplant could be a feasible procedure to treat life-threatening complications of benign tumors in selected patients with pulmonary end-stage disease.