Recent Advances in Graphitic Carbon Nitrides (g-C3N4) as Photoluminescence Sensing Probe: A Review

Among the wide range of chemosensors, the development of fluorescent chemosensors has shown continued interest in the domains of chemistry, materials, biology, and ecology due to their simple operation, low cost, high sensitivity, specificity, live observation, and short response time. As a metal-free and fluorescent chemosensor, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has emerged as a new research hotspot and received widespread interdisciplinary attention which is attributable to its favorable electrical band structure, high physicochemical stability, and "earth-abundant" nature. This review summarizes the structure, synthetic methods, and various techniques for the modification of g-C3N4. This review also covers the development of g-C3N4 nanomaterials-based sensors and their potential applications in a variety of fields. Furthermore, the comparative performance of various sensors, existing obstacles, and perspectives of g-C3N4-based nanomaterials are also outlined in detail.