Prognosis of Patients with Cutaneous Angiosarcoma After Surgical Resection with Curative Intent: Is There a Difference Between the Subtypes?

Background The etiology of cutaneous angiosarcoma (cAS) may be idiopathic (I-cAS), or arise secondary to radiotherapy (RT-cAS), in chronic lymphedema (ST-cAS), or related to UV exposure (UV-cAS). The aim of this study was to evaluate oncological outcomes of different cAS subtypes. Patients and Methods Non-metastatic cAS patients, treated with surgery for primary disease with curative intent, were retrospectively analyzed for oncological outcome, including local recurrence (LR), distant metastases (DM), and overall survival (OS). Results A total of 234 patients were identified; 60 I-cAS, 122 RT-cAS, 9 ST-cAS, and 43 UV-cAS. The majority was female (78%), the median age was 66 years (IQR 57–76 years), the median tumor size was 4.4 cm (IQR 2.5–7.0 cm), and most common site of disease was the breast (59%). Recurrence was identified in 66% (44% LR and/or 41% DM), with a median follow up of 26.5 months (IQR 12–60 months). The 5-year OS was estimated at 50%, LRFS at 47%, and DMFS at 50%. There was no significant difference in LR, DM, or OS between the subtypes. Age < 65 years and administration of radiotherapy (RT) were significantly associated with lower LR rates (HR 0.560, 95% CI 0.3373–0.840, p = 0.005 and HR 0.421, 95% CI 0.225–0.790, p = 0.007, respectively), however no prognostic factors were identified for development of DM. Development of DM, but not LR ( p = 0.052), was significantly associated with decreased OS (HR 6.486, 95% CI 2.939–14.318 p < 0.001). Conclusion We found no significant difference in oncological outcome between the different cAS subtypes. OS remains relatively poor, and RT is associated with lower LR rates.