Hip Fracture as a Predictive Marker for the Risk of Dementia: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to investigate the association between hip fracture and the risk of dementia. DESIGN:A retrospective real-world propensity score-matched cohort study was conducted using the real-world hip fracture cohort (RHFC). SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:Electronic health record data from the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) in Hong Kong were used. A total of 52,848 patients aged ≥65 years and with at least an event of fall from 2006 to 2015 were included in the RHFC. METHODS:The incidence of fall, hip fracture, and dementia was determined using their International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes. Competing risk regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS:Hip fracture was associated with an increased risk of dementia (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04-1.15, P < .001). The subgroup analysis showed that association was significant in women but not in men. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS:Hip fracture was associated with the increased risk of dementia among older adults. Further studies investigating the potential roles of hip fracture in the development of dementia could benefit the management of both conditions in older adults.