Material specific enrichment of electroactive microbes on polyaniline-supported anodes in a single chamber multi-anode assembly microbial fuel cell

•Synthesis of eight polyaniline-supported nanocomposite electrodes for Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC).•Enrichment (in-situ) of different electroactive biofilms based on anode material selection using a multi-anode assembly in a single-chamber MFC with a shared air diffusion cathode.•Identification of biofilm microbial community using MALDI TOF.•Both exoelectrogens and electrotrophs were identified in the biofilms found on the anode material utilized depending on the material properties of the nanocomposite used as anode.•Maximum power densities (mW/m2) viz. PANI-CNT/MOF/G (204.42), PANI-CNT/G (200.73), PANI-CNT/MOF (322), PANI-CNT (222.31), PANI (130.81), PANI-G (156), PANI-MOF (159) and PANI-CNT/G/TiO2 (181.89) were achieved.