Ore forming and reworking processes in the Xitieshan Pb–Zn deposit, Qinghai Province, China: Constraints from in situ trace-element and S isotope compositions of sulfides

•LA-ICP-MS trace element mapping of greigite and In-situ S isotope analyses of sulfides have been conducted.•Some greigite grains survive from deformation and present relative primary ore-forming element association.•The Xitieshan Pb-Zn deposit was a VMS deposit underwent deformation and ore-forming element remobilization.