The Role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in Therapy-Induced Senescence in Neuroblastoma

Purpose of Review Neuroblastoma, a paediatric malignancy of the sympathoadrenal lineage with a variable clinical course, is the most prevalent extra-cranial cancer in children. The majority of multi-modal therapeutics utilised for treating neuroblastoma may drive cells towards cell death or cellular senescence. Recent Findings Although cellular senescence has been historically regarded as a permanent state of non-proliferation, new evidence supports the notion that this process may indeed be much more dynamic than previously thought. Further, senescent tumour cells may escape treatment and further promote inflammation and migration through their repertoire of secreted molecules, leading to disease relapse. Summary Given this background, we review here the role of non-coding RNAs inclusive of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and miRNAs in therapy-induced senescence-related processes in neuroblastoma and discuss how these molecules may be manipulated for therapeutic gain.