Manufacturing of electrochemical sensors via carbon nanomaterials novel applications: a systematic review

Most significant optical, mechanical, thermal, electronic, and chemical properties of carbon nanomaterials assist to fabricate the best electrochemical sensors with enhanced performance. Carbon-based nanomaterials electrochemical sensors are utilized for detecting the different analytes or targets, and also it promotes high electron–transfer kinetics of proteins. The remarkable sensitivity of various carbon nanomaterials, namely fullerene, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and rGO, is suitable for fabrication of electrochemical sensors. The electrochemical sensors are very simple, reliable, and cost-effective used for analyzing the amount of active electro analytes effectively. In this organized review, we are mainly exploring verities of carbon nanomaterials and smart electronic material graphene for further utilization of electrochemical sensors and extensive characterization techniques broadening on industrial scopes.