Performance and Ergonomic Characteristics of Expert Masons

Masons are aided by ergonomic inventions like tools, processes, and equipment, yet they are still subjected to performing physically demanding and hazardous tasks at the worksite. With advances in materials, design, and automation, the masonry work system may be modified to minimize the bodily harm associated with the industry. Analysis of the extensive motion data collected on masonry work enables us to understand the ergonomic risks of masonry tasks. Previous studies found that expert masons adopted ergonomically safer and more productive work methods than less experienced masons, as from analyzing the experts’ body kinematics and biomechanical force levels during masonry activities, we can provide training for a safer and more productive generation of masons. To achieve these goals, we investigated the expert masons’ work methods during four masonry activities to determine the associated risk. Specifically, eight expert masons with over 20 years of experience, laid out 16.6 kg concrete masonry units (CMUs) to construct (1) a standard wall, (2) a reinforced wall, (3) a wall in constraint space (under ceiling), and (4) a lead (first) course. Motion capture suits captured their motions, and a biomechanical analysis determined the load experienced by major body joints in each activity. The study found that the most critical body joints were in the lower back and upper limbs, as strain to these joints may lead to days away from work or, in severe cases, retirement. Furthermore, the results provided insights into expert masons’ distinctive work techniques through ergonomic evaluation for various masonry tasks.