The role of mitogen-activated protein kinases in stress signaling in plants

Naturally, plants are regularly exposed to the unfavorable environment of both biotic and abiotic sources. Advanced genetics and molecular studies have been well recognized that signal transduction passages are well organized and complex. In plants, the cascade of MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) is the main pathway implicated in stress tolerance responses. From different plant species, various MAPK gene members were identified and characterized. Such as the Arabidopsis plant consists of 80 MAPKs implicated in the regulation of disease resistance, drought, low temperature, and other different processes. However, many studies showed that abscisic acid (ABA) induced signal transduction was activated through MAPKs. Furthermore, there are seventy-nine (79) various MAPK gene cascades were identified in cucumber, primarily induced through abiotic and biotic stresses associated with two different plant hormones such as ABA (abscisic acid) and JA (Jasmonic acid). In the present study, we discussed MAPKs role against stress.