Clinical Application of Multi-Index Combined Risk Assessment in Early Pregnancy for Screening of Preeclampsia

Objective. To explore the predictive value of single-index screening or multi-index combined screening for preeclampsia. Methods. From January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2021, pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy who had been regularly checked in each center since the first trimester (between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation) were retrieved from multiple participating centers. The risk calculation software LifeCycle 7.0 was used to calculate the risk values before 32 weeks, 34 weeks, and 37 weeks of gestation, and through a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the predictive values of pregnancy-associated protein A (PAPP-A), the placental growth factor (PLGF), the mean arterial pressure (MAP), the uterine artery pulsatility index (UTPI), or a combined multi-index were calculated for preeclampsia. Results. Finally, 22 pregnant women developed preeclampsia, and the area under the ROC curve of the PAPP-A + PLGF + MAP + UTPI combined screening program was greater than that of other screening programs before 37 weeks of gestation (AUC = 0.975, 0.946, or 0.840 for <32 weeks, <34 weeks, or <37 weeks, respectively). At 32 weeks, the Youden index was at its maximum. Conclusion. PAPP-A + PLGF + MAP + UTPI combined screening is the optimal screening mode for preeclampsia screening before 37 weeks of gestation, and the combined prediction using multiple indicators in early pregnancy is more suitable for predicting the risk of early-onset preeclampsia.