Machine learning to define phenotypes and outcomes of patients hospitalized for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Findings from ASCEND-HF

Hierarchical clustering identified four distinct phenotypes of patients hospitalized with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) in the ASCEND-HF study population. Cluster 1 was older with high rates of atrial fibrillation, Cluster 2 had a high blood pressure and low heart rate, Cluster 3 was had patients with obesity and diabetes, and Cluster 4 had a low blood pressure, high comorbidity burden, and high heart rate. Risk of 180-day mortality was greatest in Cluster 4 and lowest in Cluster 3.Image, graphical abstract