Degradation of thermal oxide film on pure titanium in an acidic environment containing fluoride

Electrochemical degradation behavior of thermally oxidized pure Ti in the fluoride-containing acidic environments was investigated. Compact TiO 2 oxides with acceptable hardness and superior corrosion resistance are formed through the thermal oxidation at 650 °C for 24 h. Corrosion of the oxidized Ti depends on the oxidation condition and fluoride content, resulting in the various interfacial structures at the oxide/solution and metal/solution interface. Degradation of the oxidized Ti consists of three stages during long-term immersion, while its critical fluoride concentration is increased by 1~2 orders of magnitude, attributed to the high stability of the TiO 2 thermal oxides.