Virtual Synchronous Machine Using Ant Colony Optimization in Inverter Interfaced Distributed Generation (IIDG)

The large-scale proliferation of renewable energy sources (RES) equipped with the converter generation is attributed to the different system responses as compared to the conventional centralized generation and it leads to the dearth of inertia which is essentially required in an electric power system. Aiming at the solutions to improve dynamic frequency response, an innovative controller design is suggested to damp out the stepper variations of frequency and dipper frequency nadir. This work proposes a Virtual synchronous machine (VSM) based on a swarm metaheuristic technique called Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) in alleviating the frequency disturbances in multimachine system. ACO tuned VSM offers flexible inertia depending upon the severity that emerged in the system by optimal adjustment of the emulated inertia. In this suggested VSM, the external loop continuously tracks the system disturbances, and accordingly it modifies the controlled output which is further passed to the internal loop. Now, this loop identifies and computes the exact active power required to supply during transients and its computationis assisted by ACO based correction factor which provides optimal inertia constant to improve the dynamic stability of the system. The performance evaluation and comparison has been done on Kundur’s 3-area multimachine system aggregated with 3 areas with 6 synchronous generators and developed in a MATLAB environment which reveals the satisfactory performance of this ACO tuned VSM scheme.