Cognitive load-induced pupil dilation reflects potential flight ability

Previous studies suggested that the degree of pupil dilation distinguishes between different levels of flight cadets, particularly, in terms of task performance. In other words, pupil dilation is heavily influenced by cognitive load, and, therefore, may reflect flight ability. However, few researches paid attention to this correlation. In this study, we analyzed the eye movement performances of 40 flight cadets and 17 pilots performing a simulated airplane panel task, and assessed the flight ability and executive function (EF) of flight cadets. Based on our analysis, there was a marked negative correlation between cognitive load-induced pupil dilation and flight ability and training success. Moreover, considering the correlation between executive function and flight ability, upon adjustment of EF, pupil dilation still retained a unique predictive effect. Our results revealed that cadets who use less cognitive resources to complete tasks tend to have better flight abilities. Given these evidences, pupil dilation, caused by cognitive load, can serve as a potential indicator for pilot selection.