Associations of CD34, Ki67, layer of invasion and clinical pathological characteristics, prognosis outcomes in gastrointestinal stromal tumors-a retrospective cohort study

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) is the most common interstitial tumor of the digestive tract. GIST, like other malignancies, can recur, metastasize, and even metastasize to the brain, leading to death. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of GIST is very important. The clinical features of GIST are uniquely different to those of other common malignancies. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the relationship between the pathological features and prognosis of GIST to strengthen the prevention and treatment of GIST. The objectives of this study were to study the clinical features of Ki67, Cluster Differentiation 34 (CD34), and their correlations in the Jianghuai region of China in recent years, and to analyze their relationship with prognosis.Methods: A total of 423 cases of GIST in Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital in Yangzhou from 2013 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The data of CD34, Ki67 and layer of invasion was collected, and their associations with the clinical pathological characteristics, prognosis outcomes of GIST were studied. CD34 and Ki67 were tested by immunohistochemistry (IHC) And data was analyzed by chi-square test, t-test, Kaplan-Meier (KM) method survival curve, Log-rank test, and Cox regression.Results: The results showed that CD34 was associated with the clinical features of primary site, tumor size, risk, recurrence, and progression-free survival (PFS) (P<0.001, =0.01, <0.001, =0.039 and =0.018), but not with nuclear division or overall survival (OS) (P>0.05). Further, Ki67 was associated with nuclear division, tumor size, risk, recurrence, and PFS (P<0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001 and <0.001), but there was no significant correlation with the primary site and CD34 (P>0.05), and Ki67 was associated with OS, but there was no statistical significance (P=0.0507). The layer of invasion was associated with the primary site, nuclear division, tumor size, risk, CD34, smooth muscle actin (SMA), recurrence, Ki67, and PFS (P<0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001 and =0.0025), but not with OS (P=0.6680).Conclusions: CD34, Ki67, and layer of invasion may play important roles in the occurrence and development of GIST, affecting the prognosis of GIST.