Monkeypox virus infections in children in Spain during the first months of the 2022 outbreak.

Currently, Spain has the second highest number of monkeypox cases worldwide.1 As of Aug 3, 2022, 4663 laboratory-confirmed cases of monkeypox have been reported in Spain, with two patients having died of complications associated with encephalitis. Only 16 (0·3%) patients were younger than 18 years (males n=10, females n=6; table and appendix p 1), all of whom had their infection confirmed by monkeypox virus or orthopoxvirus generic real-time PCR. These 16 patients were in two age groups, with different transmission routes: four were children younger than 4 years (aged 7, 10, and 13 months, and 3 years) and 12 were adolescents aged 13–17 years (appendix p 2).