Carbonization‐free wood electrode with MXene ‐reconstructed porous structure for all‐wood eco‐supercapacitors

To bypass the conventional high temperature carbonization, MXene with an ultra-high electrical conductivity and good electrochemical activity is coated on natural wood to make it a free-standing electrode (TW). TW achieves a high electrical conductivity of 106.4 S m(-1) and large capacitance of similar to 700 mF cm(-2) at 0.5 mA cm(-2). Furthermore, to overcome the low space utilization of the oversized vessels in wood which leads to a low energy density, a reconstructing strategy is used on TW to fully use the natural porous structure of wood by filling MXene aerogels in vessels. Compared with TW, the MXene aerogel-loaded TW shows higher electrical conductivity of 323.6 S m(-1) and capacitance of 930 mF cm(-2) with remarkably high rate capability of 88.2% (0.5-10 mA cm(-2)). Additionally, an all-wood eco-supercapacitor is fabricated, and achieves a high energy density of 23 mu W h cm(-2) at 577 mu W cm(-2).