Identification of genetic variants related to metabolic syndrome by next-generation sequencing

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of conditions associated with glucose intolerance, hypertension, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Since MetS is known as a complex symptom with a high incidence of genetic factors, it is important to identify genetic variants for each clinical characteristic of MetS. Methods We performed targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify genetic variants related to obesity, blood glucose, triacylglycerol (TG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level, and hypertension in 48 subjects with MetS and in 48 healthy subjects. Results NGS analysis revealed that 26 of 48 subjects (54.2%) with MetS had putative non-synonymous variants related to the clinical features of MetS. Of the subjects with MetS, 8 (16.7%) had variants in 4 genes ( COL6A2, FTO, SPARC, and MTHFR ) related to central obesity, 17 (35.4%) had variants in 6 genes ( APOB, SLC2A2, LPA, ABCG5, ABCG8, and GCKR ) related to hyperglycemia, 3 (6.3%) had variants in 4 genes ( APOA1, APOC2, APOA4, and LMF1 ) related to hypertriglyceridemia, 8 (16.7%) had variants in 4 genes ( ABCA1, CETP, SCARB1 , and LDLR ) related to low HDL-cholesterolemia, and 5 (10.4%) had variants in ADD1 related to hypertension. Conclusions Our findings may contribute to broadening the genetic spectrum of risk variants related to the development of MetS.