Bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacter hormaechei ST133 in China, 2010-22.

Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) is composed of multiple species and is conventionally regarded as a low-virulence pathogen, often causing infections in immunocompromised patients admitted to adult, paediatric, and neonatal intensive care units.1 However, interspecies diversities of pathogenicity have been noted in a few studies.2,3 Enterobacter bugandensis was identified as a hypervirulent species of ECC responsible for fatal septic shock of newborn babies in France.2 In 2022, we reported an epidemic hypervirulent clone of Enterobacter hormaechei, sequence type (ST) 133, showing high invasiveness and mortality in clinical settings.