Quantifying For-Profit Outcomes in GME: A Multispecialty Analysis of Board Certifying Examination Pass Rates in For-Profit Affiliated Residency Programs.

The proportion of for-profit affiliated residency programs has increased in IM, GS, and pediatrics from 2001 to 2021. After controlling for covariates, for-profit affiliated programs were associated with lower board examination pass rates in pediatrics with no association in IM, GS, or the combined measure.