THE COMBINED EFFECT OF ZnO NANO PARTICLES AND TOXICITY OF HEAVY METALS (ARSENIC AND CHROMIUM) ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) AS WELL AS SOIL AND WATER PROPERTIES

This research work was conducted in research area, Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Pakistan during 2018-2019. The performance of research work was conducted to check the effect of heavy metal Chromium (Cr) and Arsenic (As) on two varieties (Faisalabad, Aas) of wheat and is the foliar application of Zinc oxide nanoparticles helpful to remove the stress effect of heavy metals. Heavy metal (Cr and Ar 10 ppm) were added to plants through the rooting medium. There were 10, 20, 30 levels of ZnO (Zinc oxide) nanoparticles for each heavy metal as applied foliarly after 14 days of germination. Experiments were set up in completely randomized design with four replicates. Heavy metal accumulation in soils is steadily growing, resulting in increased toxicity of this ingredient in a variety of crop plants. While Zn is an important nutrient for plants, some soils are deficient in Zn or have poor Zinc bioavailability. The viability of the project is the subject of this article. Soil amendments containing ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) to increase the amount of Zn in the plant. Results indicated that with the application of ZnO NPs, metal concentrations (As and Cr) declined in morphological, biochemical and gaseous attributes with soil and water properties. This reduction was more prominent in the Faisalabad 2008 variety as compared to Aas 2011. Based on the result we concluded that the foliar application of ZnO nano particles were suitable to boost up the biochemical and morphological characteristics, as well as gas exchange of the studied wheat varieties under heavy metal stress, including soil and water properties. As a result, our findings support the importance of ZnO???NPs in reducing heavy metals toxicity in wheat plants.