Fibroblasts tune myocardial inflammation and remodeling

The replacement of damaged cardiomyocytes by extracellular matrix-producing fibroblasts underpins adverse remodeling in the failing heart. New research finds that MHC class II-dependent fibroblast–CD4 + T cell interactions in the myocardium lead to fibroblast activation and exacerbate fibrotic remodeling of the myocardium.