Two-dimensional electrical resistivity structure of the crust and upper mantle across the North-South Gravity Lineament in NE China

The North-South Gravity Lineament (NSGL) is a large anomalous gravity zone that traverses several tectonic units with different properties in northeastern China. Its deep structural features and formation mechanism have long been a topical area of deep geophysical research. This study presents a magnetotelluric profile that extends from the Dongwuqi to Tongliao in Inner Mongolia and passes through geological structures such as the NSGL. Dimensional analysis of the profile data reveals good overall 2D features. 2D nonlinear conjugate gradient inversion of the profile data produced a model of the deep electrical structure. Horizontally, the electrical structure along the profile displays different characteristics in different blocks. The NSGL serves as a boundary for the change in the depth of the Moho discontinuity. Specifically, the Moho discontinuity is deep on the west side of the NSGL and shallow on its east side. Overall, the thickness of the lithosphere varies nonsignificantly, except in the western part of the profile, where the presence of a large low-resistivity anomaly in the shallow layer obscures the boundary of the lithosphere. The large high-resistivity anomaly in the center of the profile may be an indication that the partial delamination of the lithosphere caused by the convection of mantle materials and the upwelling of high-density mantle materials under the action of the westward subduction of the Pacific plate were the major causes of large positive gravity anomalies on the east side of the NSGL. The west side of the NSGL was predominantly controlled by the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean, resulting in an increase in the thickness of the crust, which led to the formation of large negative gravity anomalies. These two factors collectively led to the formation of the NSGL.