In-Hospital Cardiac Manifestations of COVID-19 Pneumonia and their Management

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2 has been declared a pandemic. Broadly, hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients suffer two important cardiac effects. Firstly, when COVID-19 pneumonia affects people with pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD), they have worst outcomes compared to those without CVD. Secondly, COVID-19 per se causes myocardial injury, myocarditis, myopericarditis, arrhythmias, ventricular dysfunction and heart failure.