Verification of the stromal cell factor sdf-1 in the gravidar endometrium in missed miscarriage after the use of in vitro fertilization technologies

The immunological factor in the genesis of reproductive losses, including the use of in vitro fertilization technologies, remains not completely clear due to the multiple pathogenetic mechanisms of immunological interactions in the mother-placenta-fetus system. The purpose of this study is to study the expression of the factor SDF-1 (stromal cell-derived factor) in the endometrium during missed miscarriage using in vitro fertilization technologies. Abortive material 5-8 weeks’ old was studied using in vitro fertilization technologies with different variants of gravidar transformation of the endometrium. A total of 92 samples were studied, of which 77 were abortive material from a missed miscarriage after the use of in vitro fertilization technologies and 15 were samples of abortive material from a pregnancy terminated surgically. A histological study was performed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin with a description of the variants of gravidar transformation of the stroma and endometrial glands and an immunohistochemical study of the SDF-1 factor in the endometrium of the examined groups. Based on the histological picture, depending on the morphological variant of the transformation of the endometrium, 5 groups of cases were formed: complete transformation of the stroma and glands of the endometrium and stroma with glands of the secretory type; incomplete transformation of the stroma with glands of the secretory type, proliferative type, with both types and the control group of observations. The expression area of ​​the marker in the endometrium (glands and stroma) was determined by morphometry. The results of the study showed a significant decrease in the expression of SDF-1 in the glands of the compact layer of the endometrium, regardless of the options for its transformation after the use of in vitro fertilization technologies, which is probably associated with a violation of the synthesis of the SDF-1 chemokine by glandulocytes at the stage of cyclic transformation of the endometrium. A significant increase in the expression of SDF-1 in the stroma of the endometrium is due to the initial violation of the its morphological and functional state in patients with infertility. Verification of stromal cell factor in the endometrium at the stage of pregravidar preparation will allow to correct this stage of the application of in vitro fertilization technologies for patients with endometrial dysfunction.