Repeated botulinum treatment of rabbit masseter causes cumulative tissue damage

Susan W Herring,Zi-Jun Liu,Katherine L Rafferty,Michael C Baldwin,Atriya Salamati, Cambria Cunningham,Birkin Owart,Basma Tamasas

Archives of Oral Biology（2022）

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摘要

•Repeated botulinum treatment of the masseter reduced anterior bite force.•Fiber atrophy and fibrosis were prominent in the injected muscle.•Bone density in the mandibular body and condyle diminished with repeated injections.•After repeated treatment, side effects were seen in the contralateral masseter and condyle.

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关键词

Botulinum neurotoxin,Masseter muscle,Electromyography,Muscle force,Muscle histology,Rabbit

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