Wide-Range Calibration of Magnetic Moments for Vibrating Sample Magnetometers

Vibrating sample magnetometers (VSMs) have been widely used in the characterization of industrial magnetic materials, and their reliability is dependent on proper calibration. To improve the precision and range of calibration for VSMs, current-carrying microcoils were used to produce a tunable magnetic moment over a wide range. Based on comprehensive designing, we built a detection coil set of 0.3% uniformity in 8 mm along vibration direction. The calibration chain via moment coils of 2.5 mm diameter and height has been linked up between Ni spheres and the quantum benchmark. The differential magnetic moment due to a change in the applied current was used for calibration without dependence on the magnetic field. Magnetic moments with ranges across four orders of magnitude were calibrated and compared to those of the nickel standard and slope method. In situ calibration of a wide range of magnetic moments for VSMs without dependence on the field and materials was established, and the typical relative standard error did not exceed 0.3% within the range of 2.5–3.7 memu.