Application of artificial intelligence in medicine: analysis of Chinese legal and regulatory landscapes

Medical artificial intelligence (AI) in China is now on the eve of a massive surge. Despite great promise from this emerging field, there remain formidable pitfalls and obstacles, especially the challenges to current legal rules. We review the development of legal rules concerning medical AI in China, discuss risks of liability of commercial organizations and health care providers and whether current rules should be amended, and if so, what are the key issues to be addressed. Finally, we close by sketching possible ways forward for the legal and regulatory system.