Single-electrode electrochemical system based on tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium modified carbon nanotube/graphene film electrode for visual electrochemiluminescence analysis

•A modified film electrode was first used for single-electrode electrochemiluminescence.•Ru(phen)32+ modified CNT/graphene electrode has excellent long-term stability.•Dopamine can significantly quench electrochemiluminescence of triethylamine at Ru(phen)32+ modified CNT/graphene electrode.•Sensitive visual detection of dopamine is achieved with a smartphone.