Passively mode-locked Ho-doped fiber laser with soliton rain and noise-like pulse regime

•Multiple pulse mode-locking operations with soliton rain and noise-like pulse regime are observed.•The influencing factors for soliton rain and the noise-like pulse mode-locking formation and transition are obtained.•Multiple pulse mode-locking operation in the >2000 nm region is realized from a Ho-doped fiber oscillator.•The highest pulse energy and the output power in the NPR mode-locking Ho-doped fiber lasers are realized simultaneously.