Direct Laser Writing of Poly(furfuryl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Electrodes for Electrochemical Determination of Ascorbic Acid

Due to the considerable importance of preventing and treating diseases, efficient detection methods are required to monitor levels of ascorbic acid (AA) in beverages, foods, dietary supplements, and biological fluids. In this work, an efficient, easy handling, low cost, and simple fabrication process for non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors was fabricated through the carbonization of a graphene oxide filled biomass-derived polymer poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA/GO), as sustainable alternative, using a high throughput CO2 laser-scribing process. The laser power was found to determine the physicochemical properties of the resulting graphene-like electrodes. As an electrochemical sensor, devices presented a detection limit of 1.0 mu mol cm(2) L-1 with good reproducibility towards AA oxidation. For real sample measurements, recovery rates between 97 and 113 % were found in commercial vitamin-C tablet. Analysis of AA in synthetic sweat presented good intra-electrode reproducibility and limit of detection of 1.3 mu mol cm(2) L-1.