Gender Difference in the Link of MMP-9 Gene Polymorphism to Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase Level in the Determination of Lung Function in South Indian Population

Background and Aim: Matrixins or matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) belong to metzincin superfamily and they are involved in many physiological functions like extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, bone growth and neuritic growth. Polymorphisms in MMP-9 gene will result in over expression of matrix metalloproteinases leading to excessive extracellular matrix degradation, which cannot be overcome by the anti-proteinases. One such polymorphism of MMP-9 is Gln279Arg. Degradation of pulmonary matrix can lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Studies in the past have demonstrated female preponderance in incidence of COPD among smokers. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among healthy volunteers of age group 18 to 45 years. Pulmonary function tests of the subjects were recorded using computerised spirometry (SPIROLAB III). Frequency of Gln279Arg polymorphism was estimated by RT-PCR. Serum MMP-9 were estimated by Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay. Results: MMP-9 levels were found to be elevated in AA genotype group in females. Conclusion: The females with AA genotype, have increased MMP-9 levels and so they may be more prone for COPD if they are exposed to the environmental risk factors.