Cognitive control inhibition networks in adulthood are impaired by early iron deficiency in infancy

•Iron deficiency anemia in infancy disrupts cognitive development.•Former iron deficient anemic young adults present differences in resting state-fMRI.•These differences are apparent in connectivity networks related to the inhibitory cognitive control.•The results provide further support to emphasize that having IDA in infancy is associated with adverse long-lasting neurofunctional effects.