A national proficiency scheme for human leucocyte antigen typing by next-generation sequencing

•A PT was set up to evaluate the accuracy of NGS-based HLA typing throughout China.•Most labs perform well in this PT scheme, with an overall accuracy of 99.2%.•More work is needed to improve typing of HLA-DRB1/3/4/5 and HLA-DQB1.•Continuous external assessment and education in this field are needed.