Novel insights into the interaction between N6-methyladenosine methylation and noncoding RNAs in musculoskeletal disorders

Background Musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) are a class of inflammatory and degener-ative diseases, but the precise molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. Noncoding RNA (ncRNA) N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays an essential role in the pathophysiological process of MSD. This review summarized the interaction be-tween m6A RNA methylation and ncRNAs in the molecular regulatory mechanism of MSD. It provides a new perspective for the pathophysiological mechanism and ncRNA m6A targeted therapy of MSD. Methods A comprehensive search of databases was conducted with musculoskeletal disorders, noncoding RNA, N6-methyladenosine, intervertebral disc degeneration, oste-oporosis, osteosarcoma, osteoarthritis, skeletal muscle, bone, and cartilage as the key-words. Then, summarized all the relevant articles. Results Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), osteoporosis (OP), osteosarcoma (OS), and osteoarthritis (OA) are common MSDs that affect muscle, bone, cartilage, and joint, leading to limited movement, pain, and disability. However, the precise pathogenesis remains unclear, and no effective treatment and drug is available at present. Numerous studies confirmed that the mutual regulation between m6A and ncRNAs (i.e., microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs) was found in MSD, m6A modification can regulate ncRNAs, and ncRNAs can also target m6A regulators. ncRNA m6A modification plays an essential role in the pathophysiological process of MSDs by regulating the homeostasis of skeletal muscle, bone, and cartilage. Conclusion m6A interacts with ncRNAs to regulate multiple biological processes and plays important roles in IDD, OP, OS, and OA. These studies provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of MSD and targeting m6A-modified ncRNAs may be a promising therapy approach.